Why Your In-Hand Salary Is Lower Than CTC ÷ 12
CTC is everything your employer spends on you, not what reaches your account. Three things stand between the two. First, parts of CTC are never paid monthly: the employer's PF contribution (12% of basic) and the gratuity accrual (4.81% of basic) sit inside most offers but go to your PF account and a future gratuity payout. Second, deductions come off your salary every month: your own 12% PF contribution and, in many states, professional tax. Third, income tax is deducted as TDS. After all three, most people take home 65–80% of CTC. This calculator shows exactly where your money goes, and every assumption it makes is visible and editable.
How the Structure Works
A typical offer sets basic salary at 40–50% of fixed CTC. HRA is usually half of basic. The employer's PF and gratuity, when included in CTC, come next, and whatever remains becomes special allowance. Your monthly gross is basic plus HRA plus special allowance; the bonus, if any, is paid on its own schedule and should never be counted in the monthly figure — which is why this calculator asks for it separately and excludes it.
Professional Tax Depends on Your State
Professional tax is a state levy capped at ₹2,500 a year by the Constitution. Maharashtra charges the full ₹2,500; Karnataka charges ₹200 a month but only above ₹25,000 of monthly salary; Tamil Nadu, West Bengal, Telangana, Gujarat and several others levy similar amounts. Just as importantly, Delhi, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Punjab and the union territories levy nothing. Many salary calculators hardcode ₹200 a month for everyone — if you work in a nil state, that error alone misstates your in-hand by ₹2,400 a year.
The Tax Comparison Is Built In
The calculator computes your tax under both regimes and picks the lower. The new regime applies the FY 2026-27 slabs with the ₹75,000 standard deduction and the Section 87A rebate — salaried income up to about ₹12.75 lakh pays no tax at all. The old regime applies the ₹50,000 standard deduction, deducts professional tax, and lets you claim the HRA exemption (enter your rent to see it), 80C investments, health insurance under 80D and more. The income tax calculator has the full slab-by-slab detail, and the EPF calculator projects what those PF deductions grow into.
The Employer PF Trap
The most common surprise in a new offer: two candidates compare "12 lakh" offers, but one company includes its PF contribution in the CTC figure and the other pays it on top. That difference is worth about ₹4,800 a month at a 40% basic. This calculator has a toggle for exactly this — if your offer letter shows employer PF as a separate line above the CTC total, switch it to "paid over and above CTC" and watch the in-hand rise.